I. Ulwazi Oluyisisekelo
Igama elijwayelekile: Semaglutide
Uhlobo: I-GLP-1 receptor agonist (i-analog esebenza isikhathi eside efana ne-glucagon-like peptide-1)
Indlela Yokuphatha: Umjovo ongaphansi kwesikhumba (kanye ngeviki)
II. Izinkomba kanye Nesimo Sokuvunyelwa Kwasekhaya
Izinkomba Ezigunyaziwe
Thayipha Ukwelashwa Kwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 (Kugunyazwe yi-NMPA):
Umthamo: 0.5 mg noma 1.0 mg, kanye ngesonto.
Izenzo: Ilawula ushukela wegazi futhi yehlise ubungozi benhliziyo.
Ukwelapha Ukukhuluphala/Ukukhuluphala
III. Indlela Yesenzo Nempumelelo
I-Core Mechanism: Ivula ama-receptors e-GLP-1, ilibazise ukuphuma kwesisu, futhi ikhuphule ukusutha.
Isebenza esikhungweni se-hypothalamic appetite, ivimbela isifiso sokudla.
Ithuthukisa ukuzwela kwe-insulin futhi ilawula imetabolism.
Ukusebenza Kokunciphisa Isisindo (Kusekelwe ezivivinyweni zomtholampilo zamazwe ngamazwe):
Isilinganiso sokulahlekelwa kwesisindo emavikini angu-68: 15% -20% (ngokuhambisana nokungenelela kwendlela yokuphila).
Iziguli ezingezona ezinesifo sikashukela (BMI ≥30 noma ≥ 27 ezinezinkinga):
Iziguli ezinesifo sikashukela: Umphumela wokuncipha kancane kwesisindo (cishe u-5% -10%).
IV. Inani labantu elisebenzayo kanye ne-Contraindication
Inani labantu elisebenzayo
Amazinga Amazwe Ngamazwe (bheka ku-WHO):
BMI ≥ 30 (okukhuluphala);
I-BMI ≥ 27 enomfutho wegazi ophakeme, isifo sikashukela, noma ezinye izifo ze-metabolic (ukukhuluphala ngokweqile).
Ukuzijwayeza Kwasekhaya: Kudinga ukuhlolwa kodokotela; njengamanje esetshenziswa kakhulu ekulawuleni isisindo ezigulini ezinesifo sikashukela.
Contraindications
Umlando womuntu siqu noma womndeni we-medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC);
I-multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome uhlobo 2 (MEN2);
abesifazane abakhulelwe noma abancelisa;
Izifo ezinzima ze-gastrointestinal (njengomlando we-pancreatitis).
V. Imiphumela Emibi Nezingozi
Imiphumela emibi evamile (isigameko> 10%):
Isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo, ukuqunjelwa (kwehliswa ngokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside).
Ukuncipha kwesifiso sokudla, ukukhathala.
Izingozi Ezibucayi:
Izicubu ze-thyroid C-cell (izingozi eziboniswa ezifundweni zezilwane, ezingakacaci kubantu);
I-pancreatitis, isifo se-gallbladder;
I-Hypoglycemia (ukuqapha kuyadingeka lapho isetshenziswa ngokuhlanganiswa namanye ama-ejenti we-hypoglycemic).
VI. Ukusetshenziswa kwamanje e-China
Izindlela zokuthola:
Ukwelashwa Kwesifo Sikashukela: Incwadi kadokotela evela esibhedlela esijwayelekile.
Ukwelashwa Kokunciphisa Isisindo: Kudinga ukuhlolwa okuqinile ngudokotela; eminye iminyango ye-endocrinology yezibhedlela zemfundo ephakeme ingakunquma.
Izingozi Ezivela Eziteshini Ezingekho Emthethweni: Izidakamizwa ezithengwa ngeziteshi ezingekho emthethweni zingase zibe ngezomgunyathi noma zigcinwe ngendlela engafanele, zibe nezingozi zokuphepha.
VII. Izincomo Zokusetshenziswa
Landela Ngokuqinile Imiyalelo Kadokotela: Sebenzisa kuphela ngemva kokuba udokotela ehlole izinkomba ze-metabolic kanye nomlando wezempilo womndeni.
Ukungenelela Kwendlela Yokuphila Okuhlanganisiwe: Imithi idinga ukuhlanganiswa nokulawulwa kokudla kanye nokuzivocavoca ukuze kuzuzwe imiphumela emihle.
Ukuqapha Isikhathi Eside: Hlola njalo ukusebenza kwe-thyroid, ama-enzyme e-pancreatic, nokusebenza kwesibindi nezinso.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-03-2025